Agricultural particulate material delivery system

ABSTRACT

An agricultural particulate material delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulate material to a growing medium includes first and second compartments adapted to contain different agricultural particulate materials, a material meter having an interior and a flow switching mechanism between the first and second compartments and the meter. The flow switching mechanism is actuatable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to systems for metering and deliveringagricultural particulate materials to the ground or other surface beingworked. In particular, the present invention relates to a system thatselectively supplies different agricultural particulate materials to ametering device prior to the metering device delivering metered materialto the ground or other surface being worked.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In many agricultural applications, particulate materials such as seed,fertilizer, herbicide and insecticide are applied to the ground or othersurface being worked. It is often necessary to precisely control andmeter the application of the agricultural particulate materials to thesurface. As a result, conventional material applicating systemsgenerally include a hopper, bin or other structure which provides acompartment for containing or storing the material and a metering devicewhich receives material from the compartment and which meters anddelivers the material at a precisely controlled rate to the surfacebeing worked.

In many fields, the surface being worked varies from location tolocation. For example, a single path across a field may traversedifferent terrains, different moisture levels, different nutritionallevels, different insect populations and different weed populations. Asa result, to optimize crop yield and to most efficiently and effectivelyuse the applied agricultural particulate material, it is often necessaryto vary not only the rate at which the agricultural particulate materialis applied to the surface but also the specific type or variety ofagricultural particulate material being applied to the surface. Forexample, when traveling through a wet spot in a field, it may beadvantageous to switch from a first variety of seed to a second varietyof seed which is more suited to the high moisture level. Unfortunately,switching between types of agricultural particulate material isextremely difficult and time consuming. Switching between differenttypes of agricultural particulate material usually requires the operatorto empty the existing material from the compartment and then manuallyrefill the compartment with the other type of agricultural particulatematerial. Alternatively, other material delivery systems includemultiple compartments, wherein each compartment has its own meteringdevice or mechanism which delivers agricultural particulate materialinto a central delivery tube. Although such systems are capable ofdelivering different agricultural particulate materials to the surfacebeing worked, such systems require individual metering devices for eachcompartment and for each type of material. As a result, such systems arespace consuming and expensive.

Thus, there is a continuing need for a material delivery system which iscapable of selectively metering and delivering different types ofagricultural particulate material to the surface being worked using asingle meter. There is also a continuing need for a system which canreliably and predictably switch between the application of differenttypes of agricultural particulate material “on-the-go” withoutsubstantial mixing of different materials as the delivery system istransported across the field.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to an agricultural particulatematerial delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulatematerial to a growing medium. The delivery system includes first andsecond compartments adapted to contain different agriculturalparticulate materials, a material meter having an interior, and a flowswitching mechanism between the first and second compartments and themeter. The flow switching mechanism is actuatable between a firstposition in which the flow switching mechanism supplies the materialfrom the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a secondposition in which the flow switching mechanism supplies the materialfrom the second compartment to the interior of the meter and a thirdposition in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply ofmaterial from both the first and second compartments to the interior ofthe meter.

According to one preferred aspect of the present invention, the materialmeter is configured to meter material to a plurality of rows in thegrowing medium. Preferably, the delivery system includes a plurality ofchutes or tubes extending from the interior of the meter, wherein theplurality of chutes deliver metered material to each of the plurality ofrows.

According to yet another aspect of the invention, the flow switchingmechanism includes first and second conduits communicating between thefirst and second compartments, respectively, and the interior of themeter and a gate mechanism between the first and second compartments andthe interior of the meter. The gate mechanism is actuatable between afirst position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies thematerial from the first compartment to the interior of meter, a secondposition in which the flow switching mechanism supplies the materialfrom the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a thirdposition in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply ofmaterial from both the first and second compartments to the interior ofthe meter. The gate mechanism preferably includes a first gate betweenthe first compartment and the interior of the meter, wherein the firstgate is selectively movable between a first position in which the firstgate closes the first conduit and a second position in which the firstconduit is opened. In the exemplary embodiment, the first gate closesthe second conduit in the second position. Furthermore, in the exemplaryembodiment the first gate rotates between the first and secondpositions.

In the exemplary embodiment, the first gate is configured for beingrotated about an axis and includes a circular disc having an outerperimeter. The disc includes an eccentric aperture and an eccentricclosing portion. Rotation of the disc alternately positions theeccentric aperture and the eccentric closing portion across the firstconduit.

According to one aspect, the delivery system includes means inengagement with the outer perimeter of the disc for rotating the discabout the axis. Preferably, the outer circumference of the disc includesa plurality of teeth, wherein the means for rotating the disc includes arotatably driven gear in engagement with the plurality of teeth.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the deliverysystem includes an actuator coupled to the gate to selectively move thefirst gate between the first and second positions. In the exemplaryembodiment, the delivery system includes a motor operatively coupled tothe first gate to selectively move the first gate between the first andsecond positions.

According to yet another aspect, the delivery system includes a secondgate between the second compartment and the meter. The second gate isselectively movable between a third position in which the second gatecloses the second conduit and a fourth position in which the secondconduit is opened. Preferably, the second gate rotates between the thirdand fourth position. In the exemplary embodiment, the disc is preferablyrotated by means in engagement with the outer circumference of thesecond circular disc. The outer circumference preferably includes aplurality of teeth, wherein the means for rotating the disc includes arotatably driven gear in engagement with the plurality of teeth.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the deliverysystem includes an actuator coupled to the second gate for selectivelymoving the gate between the third and fourth positions. In the exemplaryembodiment, the delivery system includes a second motor operativelycoupled to the second gate for selectively moving the second gatebetween the third and fourth positions.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the first andsecond gates rotate about the same axis such that the disks overlap.Preferably, the gate mechanism extends adjacent the meter. Inparticular, the first gate extends adjacent the meter.

The present invention is also directed to an agricultural particulatematerial delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulatematerial to a growing medium. The delivery system includes first andsecond compartments adapted to contain different agriculturalparticulate materials, a material meter having an interior, a flowswitching mechanism between the first and second compartments and themeter, an actuator coupled to the flow switching mechanism, a sensorproximate to the interior of the meter and a control circuit coupledbetween the actuator and the sensor. The flow switching mechanism isactuatable between a first position in which the flow switchingmechanism supplies the material from the first compartment to theinterior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switchingmechanism supplies the material from the second compartment to theinterior of the meter and a third position in which the flow switchingmechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and secondcompartments to the interior of the meter. The sensor is configured togenerate a material signal representing an amount of material within themeter. The control circuit is configured to generate a control signalfor moving the actuator to actuate the flow switching mechanism betweenthe first, second and third positions based upon the sensed amount ofmaterial within the meter.

The present invention is also directed to an agricultural particulatematerial delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulatematerial to a growing medium. The delivery system includes first andsecond compartments adapted to contain different particulate materials,a material meter having an interior, first and second conduitscommunicating between the first and second compartments, respectively,and the interior of the meter, a first gate between the first conduitand the meter, a second conduit between the second compartment and themeter, and at least one actuator coupled to the first and second gates.The first gate is selectively movable between a first position in whichthe first gate closes the first conduit and a second position in whichthe first conduit is opened. The second gate is selectively movablebetween a third position in which the second gate closes the secondconduit and a fourth position in which the second conduit is open. Theat least one actuator selectively moves the first gate between the firstand second positions, and selectively moves the second gate between thethird and fourth positions.

The present invention is also directed to a planter for delivering seedto a plurality of rows. The planter includes a frame, a plurality ofgrounding engaging motor members coupled to the frame for supporting theframe above the ground being worked, at least one hopper coupled to theframe and providing first and second compartments adapted to containseed, a material meter coupled to the frame and having an interior,first and second conduits communicating between the first and secondcompartments, respectively, and the interior of the meter and a gatemechanism between the first and second compartments and the meter. Theseed meter is adapted to meter seed to at least one row of a pluralityof rows. The gate mechanism is configured to selectively open and closethe first and second conduits to selectively deliver seed from the firstand second compartments, respectively, to the meter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an agricultural particulate materialdelivery system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a first embodiment of a flow switchingmechanism for use in the delivery system of FIG. 1, wherein the flowswitching mechanism is in a first position.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the flow switching mechanism of FIG. 2taken along lines 3—3.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the flow switching mechanism of FIG. 2 ina second position.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the flow switching mechanism of FIG. 4taken along lines 5—5.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the flow switching mechanism of FIG. 2 ina third position.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the flow switching mechanism of FIG. 6taken along lines 7—7.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the second embodiment of the flowswitching mechanism of FIG. 2, wherein the flow switching mechanism isin the first position.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the flow switching mechanism of FIG. 8 ina second position.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an agricultural implement including asecond embodiment of the material delivery system of FIG. 1.

FIG. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view of the implement of FIG. 10taken along lines 11—11.

FIG. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view of the implement of FIG. 11taken along lines 11—11.

FIG. 13 is a fragmentary sectional view of the implement of FIG. 11taken along lines 13—13.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged sectional view of the material delivery system ofFIG. 13 with portions removed for purposes of illustration.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of the material delivery system of FIG. 14from an opposite side of FIG. 14.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view of the material delivery system of FIG. 14taken along lines 16—16.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of the material delivery system of FIG. 14taken along lines 17—17.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates agricultural particulate materialdelivery system 10 which delivers different agricultural particulatematerial such as seed, fertilizer, herbicide or insecticide to growingmedium 12 which preferably comprises soil. Agricultural particulatematerial delivery system 10 generally includes compartments 14, 16, aflow switching mechanism 18 and an agricultural particulate materialmeter 20. Compartments 14 and 16 provide containers or at least partialenclosures for containing different agricultural particulate materials22, 24. Such different agricultural particulate materials may comprisedifferent varieties of seed, different types of fertilizers,insecticides or herbicides, or different blends of seeds or differentblends of fertilizers, insecticides or herbicides. Compartments 14, 16may be provided by a single bifurcated hopper or multiple individualhoppers.

Flow switching mechanism 18 is coupled between compartments 14, 16, andagricultural particulate material meter 20. Flow switching mechanism 18selectively supplies agricultural particulate material from eithercompartment 14 or compartment 16 to the interior of agriculturalparticulate material meter 20. As schematically illustrated in FIG. 1,flow switching mechanism 18 is selectively positionable between a firstposition 28 in which mechanism 18 supplies agricultural particulatematerial 24 from compartment 16 to meter 20 and a second position 30(shown in dashed lines) in which flow switching mechanism 18 suppliesagricultural particulate material 22 from compartment 14 to meter 20. Asa result, a single meter 20 may be used to selectively deliver differenttypes of agricultural particulate material 22, 24 to growing medium 12.For example, when traveling through a wet spot in a field, flowswitching mechanism 18 may be actuated to switch delivery from a firstvariety of seed to a second variety of seed. With system 10, this isachieved by simply actuating flow switching mechanism 18 from a firstposition to a second position. Flow switching mechanism 18 is preferablyactuated by electronic controls located at the operator station of thevehicle and/or implement (not shown) carrying system 10 across growingmedium 12. In addition to being actuatable between a first position 28in which mechanism 18 supplies meter 20 with material from compartment16 and a second position in which flow switching mechanism 18 suppliesmeter 20 the material from compartment 14, flow switching mechanism 18is also actuatable to a third position 32 in which flow switchingmechanism 18 cessates the delivery of agricultural particulate materialfrom either compartments 14 or 16 to meter 20. As a result, agriculturalparticulate material meter 20 is able to substantially exhaust itscurrent inventory of agricultural particulate material from one ofcompartments 14, 16 before receiving another supply of agriculturalparticulate material from the other of compartments 14, 16. This thirdposition 32 for flow switching mechanism 18 is preferably situatedbetween first position 28 and second position 30 such that flowswitching mechanism 18 must be actuated past this third position 32 whenswitching or alternating from one compartment to another.

Flow switching mechanism 18 preferably comprises a gate mechanism havingat least one gate selectively movable so as to interrupt the flow ofmaterial from either or both of compartments 14, 16 to meter 20.Alternatively, flow switching mechanism 18 may comprise other variouschanneling or valve structures or mechanisms.

Agricultural particulate material meter 20 meters agriculturalparticulate material at a controlled rate to growing medium 12.Agricultural particulate material meter 20 is preferably configured fordelivering agricultural particulate material to growing medium 12 in aplurality of spaced rows as indicated by arrows 36. Alternatively, meter20 may be configured to meter agricultural particulate material to asingle row or to a general non-row area of growing medium 12.Agricultural particulate material meter 20 preferably comprises aconventionally known meter configured for metering seed to growingmedium 12. Alternatively, agricultural particulate material meter 20 maybe configured for metering fertilizer, insecticide or herbicide togrowing medium 12.

As further shown by FIG. 1, delivery system 10 additionally includes theoptional features of sensor 38 and control circuit 40. Sensor 38 ispositioned proximate to the interior of material meter 20. Sensor 38 isconfigured to generate a material signal representing an amount ofagricultural particulate material within meter 20. Sensor 38 preferablyincludes one or more individual sensor elements positioned adjacent tothe interior of meter 20 for sensing a level of material within meter20. Alternatively, sensor 38 may comprise other sensor devices forsensing material flow into or from meter 20 or material weight withinmeter 20 in lieu of material presence so as to generate a materialsignal representing an amount of material within meter 20. The materialsignal generated by sensor 38 is transmitted to control circuit 40.

Control circuit 40 is operably coupled between sensor 38 and flowswitching mechanism 18. Control circuit 40 is preferably mounted to atractor or other vehicle (not shown) pulling the implement (not shown)in which delivery system 10 is employed. Control circuit 40 comprises adigital circuit programmed or otherwise configured in a conventionallyknown manner so as to generate a control signal for moving flowswitching mechanism 18 between the first position 28, the secondposition 30 and the third position 32 based upon the sensed amount ofmaterial within meter 20 as indicated by the material signal receivedfrom sensor 38.

In the exemplary embodiment, control circuit 40 is programmed orotherwise configured to estimate to a relatively high degree ofcertainty the time at which the existing material within meter 20 willbe exhausted based upon the material signals received from sensor 38.The estimated exhaustion time is then used by control circuit 40 todetermine when to actuate flow switching mechanism 18 between the firstposition 28, the second position 30 and the third position 32. Forexample, although most of a field may be planted with a first variety ofseed, the operator may desire to plant a second variety of seed in aknown wet spot. Further, to insure that only the second variety of seedwill be planted in the wet spot, it will be necessary to exhaust theexisting volume or inventory of the first variety in meter 20 just priorto reaching the wet spot. Accordingly, flow switching mechanism 18 mustbe actuated from a first position 28 to the third position 32 in asufficient amount of time prior to reaching the wet spot to enable mostif not all of the first variety within meter 20 to be exhausted and nottoo early such that the first variety of seed within meter 20 isexhausted well before reaching the wet spot such that a portion of fieldwould remain unplanted or planted with an undesirable second varietybest suited only for wet conditions. As will be appreciated, variousother conditions may also necessitate the need to customize theapplication of particulate material. These conditions include, but arenot limited to, different terrains, different nutritional levels,different insect populations and different weed populations.

Control circuit 40 is configured to operate in a manual mode or anautomatic mode. When control circuit 40 is in the manual mode, controlcircuit 40 generates a visual display indicating the amount ofagricultural particulate material within meter 20, the amount of timeuntil the material within meter 20 is exhausted, or the estimateddistance traveled until the exhaustion of agricultural particulatematerial from meter 20. Control circuit 40 calculates this informationbased upon the present amount of material within meter 20 and thepresent flow rate to meter 20 or the rates at which material is suppliedto meter 20 and is discharged from meter 20. These rates may be sensedor may be pre-estimated or predetermined. This information enables theoperator to determine at which point flow switching mechanism 18 must beactuated from the first position 28 to either the second position 30 orthe third position 32 so as to manually actuate mechanism 18 change theagricultural particulate material being delivered to a particular areaof growing medium 12.

In the automatic mode, control circuit 40 automatically controls andactuates flow switching mechanism 18 from the first position 28 to thethird position 32 and to the second position 30 to begin delivering asecond variety of seed contained within compartment 14 to meter 20 asmeter 20 is carried over the wet spot of growing medium 12. Controlcircuit 40 enables the operator to input the distance from the presentlocation or a forthcoming time at which meter 20 must switch fromdelivering a first type of material to a second type of material togrowing medium 12. Based upon this input, control circuit 40 thendetermines the timing at which flow switching mechanism 18 must beactuated between position 28, position 32 and second position 30 basedupon the sensed amount of material within meter 20 and input, sensed orknown flow rates of material to and from meter 20. Control circuit 40then controls flow switching mechanism 18 to actuate flow switchingmechanism 18 between first position 28, third position 32, and secondposition 30 at the appropriate times.

As further shown by FIG. 1, in the most preferred embodiment, system 10also includes a location signal generation circuit 44 and a memorystorage device 46 coupled to control circuit 40. Location signalgeneration circuit 44 is conventionally known and provides controlcircuit 40 with location data indicating the location of meter 20, thevehicle or the implement to which meter 20 is attached. In the exemplaryembodiment, signal generation circuit 44 comprises a conventionallyknown GPS or DGPS system.

Memory storage device 46 is electronically coupled to control circuit 40and signal generation circuit 44. Memory storage device 46 containsgeo-referenced data relating to each location of growing medium 12. Byway of example only, memory storage device 46 may contain informationsuch as moisture level, seed populations, insect populations, yieldhistory, crop history and the like. In this exemplary embodiment,control circuit 40 is additionally programmed or otherwise configured toautomatically control flow switching mechanism 18 to supply meter 20with appropriate agricultural particulate material depending uponparticular characteristics of growing medium 12 as provided by memorystorage device 46 for each location as provided by the signal generationcircuit 44. As will be appreciated, control circuit 40, signalgeneration circuit 44 and memory storage device 46 may be provided by asingle unit. Furthermore, as will be appreciated, control circuit 40 maycomprise a corresponding analog circuit properly configured to performone or more of the noted functions.

In the exemplary embodiment, control circuit 40, location signalgeneration circuit 44 and memory storage device 46 are provided as partof a core system including a data processing unit, a display and alocation signal generation circuit as set forth and described onco-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/822,432, filed on Mar.21, 1997 and entitled “Multiple Type Seed Dispensing System”, which ispresently assigned to Case Corporation, the full disclosure of which ishereby incorporated by reference. Memory storage device 46 preferablyincludes predetermined geo-referenced maps or data layers implemented bya geographical information system (GIS) database as also set forth anddescribed in co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/822,432.

FIGS. 2-7 illustrate a flow switching mechanism 118 for use withagricultural particulate material delivery systems 10 in lieu of flowswitching mechanism 18. FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate flow switchingmechanism 118 in the first position 28 for supplying agriculturalparticulate material 24 to meter 20. FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate flowswitching mechanism 118 in the third position 32 in which mechanism 118prevent agricultural particulate material from either compartment 14 orcompartment 16 from being delivered to meter 20. FIGS. 6 and 7illustrate mechanism 118 actuated to the second position 30 in whichmechanism 118 delivers agricultural particulate material 22 to meter 20.Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, flow switching mechanism 118 generallycomprises a gate mechanism between compartments 14, 16 and meter 20. Thegate mechanism opens and closes passageways or conduits 125, 127(schematically illustrated as being separated by partition 129)communicating between compartments 14 and 16, respectively, and theinterior of meter 20 so as to selectively supply material fromcompartments 14 and 16 to meter 20. Conduits 125 and 127 may compriseelongate panels, tubes or passageways extending from compartments 14 and16 to meter 20. Alternatively, both compartments 14 and. 16 may bepositioned adjacent to and in abutting contact with meter 20, whereinconduits 125 and 127 comprise openings in the walls of the structuredefining compartments 14 and 16 and the structure defining meter 20.

Flow switching mechanism 118 generally includes gates 134, 136,actuators 137, 138 and position indicators 139, 140. Gates 134, 136 eachcomprise a generally circular disk 142 having an outer perimeter 144, aneccentric aperture 146 and an eccentric closing portion 148. Rotation ofgates 134 and 136 repositions apertures 146 and closing portions 148 toopen or close conduits 125 and 127. Gates 134 and 136 are selectivelyrotated by actuators 137 and 138 based upon position signals received byindicators 139 and 140, respectively, which are operably coupled togates 134 and 136 proximate their outer perimeters 144. Actuators 137and 138 preferably comprise conventionally known electric motors whileposition indicators 139 and 140 preferably comprise mechanical switcheswhich are engaged and actuated by index structures extending from gates134 and 136. Alternatively, actuators 137, 138 and position indicators139, 140 may be replaced with conventionally known servomotors operablycoupled to gates 134 and 136.

In the first position 28 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, gate 134 is rotated toposition its aperture 146 across conduit 127 such that agriculturalparticulate material 24 flows from compartment 16 into agriculturalmeter 20 as indicated by arrow 152. At the same time, closing portion148 of gate 134 extends across conduit 125 which closes conduit 125 toblock agricultural particulate material 22 from flowing into meter 20 asindicated by arrow 154. Actuator 138 positions gate 136 so that itsaperture 146 is in alignment with aperture 146 of gate 134.

FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate flow switching mechanism 118 actuated into thethird position 32, wherein flow switching mechanism 118 prevents eitheragricultural particulate material 22 or 24 from flowing into meter 20.As indicated by arrow 156, actuator 138 rotates gate 136 relative togate 134 so as to position closing portion 148 of gate 136 acrossconduit 127. As a result, closing portion 148 of gate 134 closes offconduit 125 while closing portion 148 of gate 136 closes off conduit 127to prevent any material from either compartments 14 or 16 from flowinginto meter 20. This enables the agricultural particulate material withinmeter 20 to be substantially exhausted from meter 20 prior to deliveryof a different agricultural particulate material into meter 20.

FIG. 6 schematically illustrates flow switching mechanism 118 in thesecond position 30 in which flow switching mechanism 118 is actuated soas to supply meter 20 with agricultural particulate material 22 fromcompartment 14. As shown by FIG. 6, to move from the third position 32(shown in FIGS. 4 and 5) to the second position 30, actuator 138 rotatesgate 134 to position aperture 146 across conduit 125 such that bothapertures 146 of gates 134 and 136 are aligned across conduit 125 toenable agricultural particulate material 22 to flow through conduit 125through apertures 146 into meter 20 as indicated by arrow 62. At thesame time, both closing portions 148 of gates 134 and 136 extend acrossconduit 127 to block agricultural particulate material 24 from flowingfrom compartment 16 into meter 20 as indicated by arrow 164.Consequently, meter 20 is filled with only agricultural particulatematerial 22 from compartment 14.

FIGS. 8 and 9 schematically illustrate flow switching 218, an alternateembodiment of flow switching mechanism 118. Similar to flow switchingmechanism 118, flow switching mechanism 218 is configured for use withsystem 10 in place of flow switching mechanism 18. Flow switchingmechanism 218 comprises a gate mechanism between compartments 14, 16 andmaterial meter 20. In particular, flow switching mechanism 218 ispositioned across conduits 125 and 127 to selectively open and closeconduits 125 and 127 to selectively supply material from compartments 14and 16, respectively, to the interior of meter 20. Flow switchingmechanism 218 includes a gate 234, an actuator (not shown) and aposition indicator 238 coupled to gate 234. Gate 234 is substantiallyidentical to gate 134 illustrated in FIGS. 2-7. Gate 234 comprises agenerally circular disk having an outer perimeter 244, an eccentricaperture 246 and eccentric closing portion 248. Gate 234 is configuredfor being rotated by the actuator about a central axis and toselectively position aperture 246 and closing portion 248 acrossconduits 125 and 127.

FIG. 8 illustrates flow switching mechanism 218 and gate 234 actuatedinto the second position 30 in which aperture 246 is positioned acrossconduit 125 and closing portion 248 is positioned across conduit 127. Asa result, gate 234 opens conduit 125 to allow agricultural particulatematerial 22 to flow through conduit 125 into agricultural particulatematerial meter 20 as indicated by arrow 262. At the same time, closingportion 248 closes off conduit 127 to prevent agricultural particulatematerial 24 from flowing through conduit 127 into meter as indicated byarrow 264.

FIG. 9 illustrates flow switching mechanism 218 and gate 234 actuatedinto the first position 28 in which gate 234 closes conduit 125 andopens conduit 127. In particular, in first position 28, aperture 246 ispositioned to cross conduit 127 to permit agricultural particulatematerial 24 to flow therethrough from compartment 16 into agriculturalparticulate material meter 20 as indicated by arrow 252. At the sametime, closing portion 248 is positioned across conduit 125 to preventmaterial 22 from flowing through conduit 125 into meter 20 as indicatedby arrow 254. By selectively rotating gate 234 between the firstposition 28 and the second position 30, the actuator (not shown)selectively controls the supply of agricultural particulate material tometer 20.

FIGS. 10-17 illustrate an agricultural implement 400 includingagricultural particulate materials delivery system 410, an alternateembodiment of agricultural particulate material delivery system 10 shownin FIG. 1. As best shown by FIG. 10, in addition to including deliverysystem 410, agricultural implement 400 includes frame 412, hitchassembly 414, wheels 415 and discharge stations 416. Frame 412, alsoknown as a tool bar, comprises an elongate rigid structure configured tosupport delivery system 410 and discharge stations 416. Frame 412 issupported above growing medium 12 by wheels 415 and is coupled to hitchassembly 414 at a forward end of implement 400. Hitch assembly 414 isconventionally known and configured for being pulled by a suitablevehicle, such as a tractor (not shown), across a field. In the exemplaryembodiment illustrated, implement 400 comprises a planter. As will beappreciated, frame 412 may have various other configurations dependingupon the particular type of implement in which delivery system 410 isemployed.

Discharge stations 416 are mounted to frame 412 in a plurality oftransversely spaced locations along frame 412. Discharge stations 416are preferably bolted to frame 412 to enable the spacing betweendischarge stations 416 to be adjusted. Each discharge station 416generally includes opposing furrow opening disks 418, which producefurrows in growing medium 12 into which seeds are individually dropped,trailing furrow closing disks 420 which close the furrow by covering theseeds with soil and press wheels 422 which further compress and compactthe growing medium or soil above the seeds. As will be appreciated, theconfiguration of discharge stations 416 may vary depending upon the typeof implement and the type of seed or other agricultural particulatematerial to be delivered to growing medium 12 by delivery system 410.

Delivery system 410 supplies seed to discharge stations 416 and depositsthe seed into the furrow created by furrow opening disks 418 prior tothe furrow being closed by furrow closing disks 420. Delivery system 410generally includes hopper 430, flow switching mechanism 432 (shown inFIGS. 11-17), material meter 434, and conveying tubes 436. FIGS. 11 and12 illustrate delivery system 410 in greater detail. As shown by FIGS.11 and 12, hopper 430 is connected to material meter 20 by an inclineddelivery chute 440 which extends from a lower portion of hopper 430 andinto an interior 442 of meter 20. As best shown by FIG. 12, hopper 430and chute 440 are each preferably bifurcated or split by a dividingpartitions 444 and 454. Partition 444 divides hopper 430 into a firstcompartment 446 and a second compartment 448 such that compartments 446and 448 are adapted to contain and separate different agricultural seed450 and 452, respectively. Delivery chute 440 includes a partition 454which has an end aligned with partition 444 and which bifurcates chute440 into a first conduit 456 and a second conduit 458. Conduits 456 and458 extend from compartments 446 and 448, respectively, and communicatewith interior 442 of meter 434.

Flow switching mechanism 432 extends across conduits 456 and 458 tocontrol the flow and supply of seed 450 and 452 from compartments 446and 448 into meter 434. Flow switching mechanism 432 is preferablycoupled to and controlled by control circuit 40 illustrated anddescribed with respect to FIG. 1. Flow switching mechanism 432 is alsopreferably configured for use with location signal generation circuit 44and memory storage device 46, also described with respect to FIG. 1.Similar to flow switching mechanisms 18 and 118, flow switchingmechanism 432 is configured for being actuated between a first positionin which flow switching mechanism 432 supplies only material fromcompartment 446, a second position in which flow switching mechanism 432only supplies material from compartment 448 and a third position inwhich flow switching mechanism 432 prevents material from eithercompartments 446 or 448 from being supplied to meter 434.

In the exemplary embodiment, flow switching mechanism 432 comprises agate mechanism which selectively opens and closes both conduits 456 and458 to allow or prevent the flow of seed 450 and 452 from compartments446 and 448, respectively, into meter 434. In particular, in the firstposition, flow switching mechanism 432 closes conduit 458 whilemaintaining conduit 456 in an open condition to permit seed 450 fromcompartment 446 to flow into meter 434. In the second position, flowswitching mechanism 432 closes conduit 456 while maintaining conduit 458in an open state to allow seed 452 from compartment 448 to flow intometer 434. In the third position, flow switching mechanism 432 closesoff both conduits 456 and 458 to prevent both seed 450 and 452 fromflowing into meter 434. As a result, the existing seed within meter 434may be exhausted prior to delivery of a different type of seed intometer 434. As a result, flow switching mechanism 432 enables differenttypes of agricultural particulate materials, such as seed, to besupplied to growing medium 12 (shown in FIG. 10) as implement 400 ispulled across a field without substantial amounts of seed becomingblended or mixed together in meter 434 as types of seeds being plantedare switched.

Material meter 434 preferably comprises a drum metering device, such asdescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,519,525 and 5,655,468, assigned to CaseCorporation, the full disclosures of which are hereby incorporated byreference. In particular, meter 434 generally includes selector drum464, a conventionally known blower assembly (not shown) configured topressurize the interior 442 of drum 464, rollers 466 and manifold 468.Drum 464 generally comprises a cylindrical shell or wall 470 pivotallycoupled to mounting wall 471 and driven about an axis 472 by aconventionally known drive train. The inner surface of wall 470 includesa plurality of circular rows of depressions having openings orperforations with diameters smaller than the seed being planted so as toretain individual seeds under pressure as drum 464 rotates about axis472. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, wall 470 includes eightcircular rows of depressions having openings for retaining individualseeds under pressure.

Rollers 466 are rotatably supported along the outside of wall 470 byfork 473, which is biased by spring 474 so as to urge rollers 466 toengagement with wall 470. Rollers 466 are aligned with each of the rowsof apertures extending through wall 470. In the exemplary embodiment,rollers 466 comprise eight individual rubbered tire rollers positionedagainst each of the eight circular rows of apertures extending throughwall 470. In operation, rollers 466 close the perforations extendingthrough wall 470 so as to release the individual seeds from theapertures in drum wall 470 such that the released seeds fall intomanifold 468.

As best shown by FIG. 11, manifold 468 consists of a plurality of seedreceiving tubes or channels that extend adjacent to rollers 466 at oneend and that are connected to conveying tubes 436 at the other end. Inthe exemplary embodiment illustrated, manifold 468 includes eightindividual tubes or channels 478 supported so as to receive releasedseeds from each of the corresponding eight rows of apertures in wall 70of drum 464. Manifold 468 delivers the released seeds to conveying tubes436. As shown in FIG. 10, conveying tubes 436 further deliver the seedsto each of the discharge stations 416 spaced along frame 412. In theexemplary embodiment, the seeds are pushed by a cushion of pressurizedair through conveying tubes 436 to discharge stations 416. Consequently,meter 434 and conveying tubes 436 meter and dispense seeds to each ofdischarge stations 416 at a carefully metered flow rate to control thespacing between seeds in each row.

Although meter 434 as illustrated and described is presently preferred,various other alternative structures or mechanisms may also be employedfor receiving seed or other particulate agricultural particulatematerial from hopper 430 and for metering the seed or other particulateagricultural particulate material at a controlled metered rate todischarge stations 416. For example, meter 434 may alternatively beconfigured for metering seed to any of a number of discharge stations416. Although meter 434 is illustrated as extending from the rear ofhopper 430, meter 434 may alternatively extend from the front of hopper430 to enable the operator to view meter 434. Furthermore, meter 434 mayalternatively be configured to utilize seed carrying plates in lieu of adrum, and may be configured to carry the seeds with the assistance of anegative pressure vacuum or even without the assistance of positive ornegative air pressure.

FIGS. 13-17 illustrate flow switching mechanism 432 in greater detail.Flow switching mechanism 432 generally includes gates 480, 482, bearings484, 486, clamps 488, actuators assemblies 490, 492 and switches 494,496. Gates 480, 482 generally comprise circular plates or disks havingan outer perimeter 498, an eccentric aperture 500 and an eccentricclosing portion 502. Perimeters 498 generally include an outer radialportion of each opposing face and an outer circumferential edgeextending between the opposing faces of each disk. Perimeters 498encircle aperture 500 and closing portion 502. Perimeters 498 areconfigured for being engaged by actuator assemblies 490 and 492 for therotation of gates 480 and 482, respectively. Each perimeter 498additionally includes an index member 506 configured to trip one ofswitches 494 and 496. Index 506 preferably comprises a suitablypositioned protrusion extending from perimeter 498 to engage and tripswitches 494 and 496 to stop the rotation of its corresponding gate at apreselected angular position relative to conduits 456 and 458.

Aperture 500 extends through disk 497 and is sized less than or equal tothe cross sectional area of conduits 456 and 458 at the junction ofconduits 456 and 458 and meter 434. When positioned across one ofconduits 456, 458, aperture 500 enables seed to flow through aperture500 into meter 434. In the preferred embodiment, aperture 500 preferablyhas a semi-circular cross sectional shape.

Closing portion 502 generally comprises a solid, imperforate panel sizedgreater than or equal to the cross sectional area of conduits 456 and458 at the junction of conduits 456, 458 and meter 434. Upon beingpositioned across conduits 456 or 458, closing portion 502 closes andblocks the adjacent conduit to cut off or prevent material within theadjacent conduit from flowing into meter 434.

As best shown by FIG. 17, gates 480, 482 are positioned between conduits456, 458 and interior of meter 434 by bearings 484, 486 and clamps 488.Bearings 484 and 486 generally comprise annular rings of low frictionmaterial, such as polytetraflouroethylene, and are configured to providelow friction bearing surfaces against which perimeters 498 of gates 480and 482 bear against. Bearing 484 is positioned between mounting wall471 and perimeter 498 of gate 480. Bearing 486 is captured betweenperimeters 498 of gates 480 and 482. As shown by FIG. 17, perimeters 498are specifically configured to retain bearings 486 in place withoutother intervening support structures.

Bearings 484 and 486 enable gates 480 and 482 to be positionedsubstantially side by side and adjacent to one another and adjacent tomounting wall 471 of meter 434. Because gates 480 and 482 extendparallel to one another and adjacent to mounting wall 471, the spacebetween gates 480, 482 and the interior of meter 434 is reduced.Consequently, the time required for seed or other agriculturalparticulate material to flow from apertures 500 of gates 480, 482 to theinterior of meter 434 is also reduced. By reducing the time necessaryfor the seed to flow from gates 480, 482 to the interior of meter 434,flow switching mechanism 432 reduces the time necessary to switchbetween different types of seed or other agricultural particulatematerial being supplied from compartments 446, 448 through conduits 456,458, respectively. As a result, mechanism 432 provides for moreinstantaneous switching and less mixing between different agriculturalparticulate materials or seed varieties.

Furthermore, when used with control circuit 40 (illustrated in FIG. 1),mechanism 432 enables control circuit 40 to more accurately estimatewhen gates 480 and 482 must be actuated between first position 28,second position 30 and third position 32. Because gates 480 and 482 arepositioned adjacent one another and adjacent to mounting wall 471, gates480 and 482 are extremely compact and require little additional spacebetween hopper 430, chute 440 and meter 20. As a result, flow switchingmechanism 432 may be more easily added to existing planters.

As further shown by FIG. 17, gates 480, 482 and bearings 484, 486 areheld in place by clamps 488. Clamps 488 comprise generally rigidbrackets fastened to mounting wall 471 with suitable fasteners, such asbolts 507, so as to sandwich gates 480 and 482 and bearings 484, 486against mounting wall 471. In the exemplary embodiment, clamps 488engage an outwardly extending flange 508 of chute 440 to hold flange 508against perimeter 498 of gate 482, which in turn, captures bearing 486,perimeter 498 of gate 480 and bearing 484 against mounting wall 471.Because clamps 488 are removably mounted to mounting wall 471, clamps488 may be removed to further enable gates 480, 482 and bearings 484,486 to also be removed for inspection, cleaning and replacement.

As best shown by FIGS. 14 and 16, actuator assemblies 490, 492 aremounted to mounting wall 471 and are configured to rotatably drive gates480 and 482 between first position 28, second position 30 and thirdposition 32. In particular, actuator assembly 490 is configured torotatably drive gate 480 while actuator assembly is configured torotatably drive gate 482. Actuator assembly 490 generally includes motor510, pinion gear 512 and intermediate gear 514. Motor 510 comprises aconventionally known electric motor bolted to mounting wall 471 by bolts516. Motor 510 is preferably actuated by a conventionally known solenoidassembly (not shown) electrically coupled to a controller, such as acomputer display unit (CDU) (not shown), including a control circuitmeter 434 mounted at the operator's station or cab of the vehiclepulling implement 400. The control circuit is substantially identical tocontrol circuit 40, except that the control circuit utilizes therotational velocity of drum 464 and a pre-estimated or predeterminedflow rate of seed into drum 464 through conduits 456 and 458 as a basisfor determining when to actuate gates 480 and 482 between the firstposition in which material is supplied to drum 464 from compartment 446,the second position in which seed is supplied to drum 464 fromcompartment 448 and the third position in which the flow of seed isstopped from either compartments 446 or 448 into drum 464. Motor 510includes output shaft 518 which extends through mounting wall 471 isaffixedly coupled to a pinion gear 512. Pinion gear 512 engages androtatably drives gear 514.

Gear 514 is rotatably coupled to mounting wall 471 between pinion gear512 and perimeter 498 of gate 480. As best shown by FIG. 14, perimeter498 of gate 480 includes a plurality of teeth 520 along its outercircumferential edge in engagement with gear 512. As a result, rotationof pinion gear 512 by motor 510 rotatably drives gate 480 viaintermediate gear 514.

Actuator assembly 492 includes motor 530, pinion gear 532 andintermediate gear 534. Motor 530 is a conventionally known electricmotor bolted to mounting wall 471 by bolts 536 on an opposite side ofmounting wall 471 as motor 510. Motor 530 is actuated by aconventionally known solenoid assembly which is electrically coupled tothe controller, such as a computer display unit (CDU) (not shown),including a control circuit. The control circuit is substantiallyidentical to control circuit 40, except that the control circuitutilizes the rotational velocity of drum 464 and a pre-estimated orpredetermined flow rate of seed into drum 464 through conduits 456 and458 as a basis for determining when to actuate gates 480 and 482 betweenthe first position in which material supplied to drum 464 of meter 434from compartment 446, the second position in which seed is supplied fromcompartment 448 to meter 434 and the third position in which gates 480and 482 are actuated to stop the flow of seed from either compartments446 or 448 into meter 434 mounted at the operator's station or cab ofthe vehicle pulling implement 400. Motor 530 includes an output shaft538 affixedly coupled to pinion gear 532 so as to rotatably drive piniongear 532. Pinion gear 532, in turn, rotatably drives intermediate gear534.

Intermediate gear 534 is rotatably coupled to mounting wall 471 betweenpinion gear 532 and perimeter 498 of gate 482. As further shown by FIG.14, the outer circumferential surface of perimeter 498 of gate 482includes teeth 540 engaging intermediate gear 534. As a result, rotationof pinion gear 532 by motor 530 rotatably drives gate 482 viaintermediate gear 532 to selectively position aperture 500 and closingportion 502 of gate 482 relative to conduits 456 and 458.

Switches 494 and 496 comprise conventionally known mechanical switchesmounted to mounting wall 471 adjacent to gates 480 and 482,respectively, for engagement with indexes 506. Switches 494 and 496 areelectrically coupled to motors 510 and 530, respectively, and areconfigured to generate a cut-off signal to motors 510 and 530 to stopcontinued rotation of gates 480 and 482, respectively. Switches 494 and496 provide feedback to motors 510 and 530 regarding the angularposition of gates 480 and 482 so that aperture 500 and closing portions502 may be properly aligned relative to conduits 456 and 458 in thefirst position in which gates 480 and 482 open conduit 456 and conduit458 to supply seed from compartment 446 to meter 434, a second positionin which gates 480 and 482 open conduit 458 and close conduit 456 tosupply seed from compartment 448 to meter 434, and a third position inwhich gates 480 and 482 close both conduits 456 and 458 to prevent seedfrom either compartments 446 or 448 from entering meter 434.

As will be appreciated, various other position detecting and regulatingmechanisms may be used with motors 510 and 530 to position gates 480 and482 in proper angular alignment with conduits 456 and 458. For example,in place of switches 494 and 496, flow switching mechanism 432 mayalternatively include other sensing devices, including optical,mechanical and electrical sensing devices, which sense the angularposition of gates 480 and 482. Furthermore, instead of utilizingdistinct sensing devices for sensing the position of gates 480 and 482,flow switching mechanism 432 may alternatively utilize conventionallyknown servo motors in place of motors 510 and 530 to precisely controland regulate the angular positioning of gates 480 and 482.

Overall, material delivery system 410 enables the operator to switchbetween different varieties or blends of seed being planted withoutstopping or otherwise interrupting the continuous planting of seed andwithout substantial mixing of the different blends or varieties of seedduring the change overs. Because flow switching mechanism 432 isactuatable between a first position in which flow switching mechanism432 supplies a first variety of seed from compartment 446, a secondposition in which flow switching mechanism 432 supplies a second varietyor blend of agricultural material from compartment 448 to meter 434 anda third position in which flow switching mechanism 432 stops the supplyor flow of seed from either compartment 446 or 448 to meter 434, flowswitching mechanism 432 enables existing seed within meter 434 to besubstantially exhausted from meter 434 before meter 434 is supplied witha different type or blend of seed. Because flow switching mechanism 432extends adjacent to sidewall and interior of meter 434, the timenecessary to switch between different types or blends of seed is reducedto provide for more instantaneous switching and less mixing betweendifferent types of seeds. Furthermore, when additionally equipped withsensor 38 and control circuit 40 (illustrated and described with respectto FIG. 1), material delivery system 410 provides precise control andmonitoring of the amount of seed within meter 434 to more accuratelycontrol the supply of different seeds to meter 434 without undesirablemixing as the supply of seed to meter 434 is switched and withoutpremature exhaustion of seed from meter 434 which results in unplantedareas of the field. Thus, material delivery system 410 enables moreprecise, site-specific or prescription farming.

Although the present invention has been described with reference topreferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize thatchanges may be made in form and detail without departing from the spiritand scope of the invention. The present invention described withreference to the preferred embodiments and set forth in the followingclaims is manifestly intended to be as broad as possible. For example,unless specifically otherwise noted, the claims reciting a singleparticular element also encompass a plurality of such particularelements.

What is claimed is:
 1. An agricultural particulate material delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulate material to a growing medium, the system comprising: first and second compartments adapted to contain different agricultural particulate materials; a material meter having an interior, wherein the meter is configured to thinly distribute the particulate material over the growing medium; a flow switching mechanism between the first and second compartments and the meter, wherein the flow switching mechanism is actuatable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter; an actuator coupled to the flow switching mechanism; a sensor proximate the interior of the material meter, wherein the sensor is configured to generate a material signal representing an amount of material within the meter; and a control circuit coupled between the actuator and the sensor, wherein the control circuit is configured to generate a control signal for moving the actuator to actuate the flow switching mechanism between the first, second and third positions based upon the sensed amount of material within the meter.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the material meter is configured to meter material to a plurality of rows in the growing medium.
 3. The system of claim 2 including: a plurality of chutes extending from the interior of the meter, wherein the plurality of chutes deliver metered material to each of the plurality of rows.
 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the flow switching mechanism includes: first and second conduits communicating between the first and second compartments, respectively, and the interior of the meter; a gate mechanism between the first and second compartments and the interior of the material meter, wherein the gate mechanism is actuatable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter.
 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the gate mechanism includes: a first gate between the first compartment and the interior of the meter, wherein the first gate is selectively movable between a first position in which the first gate closes the first conduit and a second position in which the first conduit is opened.
 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the first gate closes the second conduit in the second position.
 7. The system of claim 5, wherein the first gate rotates between the first and second positions.
 8. The system of claim 5, wherein the first gate is configured for being rotated about an axis and includes a circular disk having an outer perimeter, wherein the disk includes an eccentric aperture and an eccentric closing portion, and wherein rotation of the disk alternately positions the eccentric aperture and the eccentric closing portion across the first conduit.
 9. The system of claim 8, including means in engagement with the outer perimeter of the disk for rotating the disk about the axis.
 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the outer circumference includes a plurality of teeth and wherein the means for rotating the disk includes a rotatably driven gear in engagement with the plurality of teeth.
 11. The system of claim 5, including an actuator coupled to the first gate to selectively move the first gate between the first and second positions.
 12. The system of claim 5, including a motor operatively coupled to the first gate to selectively move the first gate between the first and second positions.
 13. The system of claim 5, including: a second gate between the second compartment and the meter, wherein the second gate is selectively moveable between a third position in which the second gate closes the second conduit and a fourth position in which the second conduit is open.
 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the second gate rotates between the third and fourth positions.
 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the second gate is configured for being rotated about a second axis and includes a circular disk having an outer circumference, wherein the disk includes an eccentric aperture and an eccentric closing portion, wherein rotation of the disk alternately positions the eccentric aperture and the eccentric closing portion across the second conduit.
 16. The system of claim 15, including means in engagement with the outer circumference of the second circular disk for rotating the disk about the second axis.
 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the outer circumference includes a plurality of teeth and wherein the means for rotating the disk includes a rotatably driven gear in engagement with the plurality of teeth.
 18. The system of claim 13, including an actuator coupled to the second gate for selectively moving the gate between the third and fourth positions.
 19. The system of claim 13, including a second motor operatively coupled to the second gate for selectively moving the second gate between the third and fourth positions.
 20. The system of claim 13, wherein the first and second gates rotate about the same axis such that the first and second gates overlap.
 21. The system of claim 4, wherein the gate mechanism extends adjacent the meter.
 22. The system of claim 5, wherein the first gate extends adjacent the meter.
 23. The system of claim 4, including a tube extending from the meter to deliver metered material to the growing medium.
 24. The system of claim 1, wherein the meter is configured to meter seed.
 25. The system of claim 4, including: a bifurcated hopper providing the first and second compartments; and a bifurcated tube providing the first and second conduits.
 26. An agricultural particulate material delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulate material to a growing medium, the system comprising: first and second compartments adapted to contain different materials; a material meter having an interior, wherein the meter is configured to distribute the particulate material in substantially a single layer in or on the growing medium; first and second conduits communicating between the first and second compartments, respectively, and the interior of the meter; a first gate between the first compartment and the meter, wherein the first gate is selectively moveable between a first position in which the first gate closes the first conduit and a second position in which the first conduit is opened; a second gate between the second compartment and the meter, wherein the second gate is selectively movable between a third position in which the second gate closes the second conduit and a fourth position in which the second conduit is open; at least one actuator coupled to first and second gates for selectively moving the first gate between the first and second positions and for selectively moving the second gate between the third and fourth positions; means for determining when material within the meter will be exhausted from the interior and for generating a control signal representing a time at which the material will be exhausted from the interior of the meter; and means for controlling said at least one actuator to selectively move the first gate between the first and second positions and the second gate between the third and fourth positions based upon the control signal.
 27. A planter for delivering seed to a plurality of rows, the planter comprising: a frame; a plurality of ground engaging motive members coupled to the frame for supporting the frame above the ground being worked; at least one hopper coupled to the frame and providing first and second compartments adapted to contain seed; a material meter coupled to the frame and having an interior, the meter adapted to meter seed to at least one row of a plurality of rows; first and second conduits communicating between the first and second compartments, respectively, and the interior of the meter; a gate mechanism between the first and second compartments and the meter, the gate mechanism being configured to selectively open and close the first and second conduits to selectively deliver seed from the first and second compartments, respectively, to the meter; an actuator coupled to the gate mechanism; and a control circuit coupled to the actuator, wherein the control circuit is configured to determine when the material within the meter will be exhausted from the interior and to generate a control signal representing a time at which the material will be exhausted from the interior of the meter, whereby the actuator actuates the gate mechanism to selectively open and close the first and second conduits based upon the control signal.
 28. The planter of claim 27 including a sensor proximate the interior of the material meter, wherein the sensor is configured to generate a material signal representing an amount of material within the meter and wherein the control circuit generates the control signal based upon the material signal.
 29. An agricultural particulate material delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulate material to a growing medium, the system comprising: first and second compartments adapted to contain different agricultural particulate materials; a material meter having an interior; a flow switching mechanism between the first and second compartments and the meter, wherein the flow switching mechanism is actuable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter; an actuator coupled to the flow switching mechanism; a sensor proximate the interior of the material meter, wherein the sensor is configured to generate a material signal representing an amount of material within the meter; and a control circuit coupled between the actuator and the sensor, wherein the control circuit is configured to generate a control signal for moving the actuator to actuate the flow switching mechanism between the first, second and third positions based upon the sensed amount of material within the meter.
 30. The system of claim 29 including a location signal generation circuit configured to provide location data regarding the system, wherein the control circuit generates the control signal based upon the location data.
 31. The system of claim 30 including a memory storage device configured to store geo-referenced data relating to locations of the growing medium, wherein the control circuit generates the control signal based upon the geo-referenced data.
 32. The system of claim 31 including a sensor proximate the interior of the material meter, wherein the sensor is configured to generate a material signal representing an amount of material within the meter and wherein the control circuit generates the control signal based upon the material signal.
 33. The system of claim 31 including means for providing flow rate data regarding at least one of a flow rate of material to the meter and a flow rate of material from the meter, wherein the control circuit generates the control signal based upon the flow rate data.
 34. The system of claim 32 wherein the means for providing flow rate data includes at least one sensor.
 35. The system of claim 32 wherein the means for providing flow rate data includes a memory storage device.
 36. The system of claim 32 wherein the means for providing flow rate data includes operator input means.
 37. The system of claim 31 including a location signal generation circuit configured to provide location data regarding the system, wherein the control circuit generates the control signal based upon the location data.
 38. The system of claim 31 including a memory storage device configured to store geo-referenced data relating to locations of the growing medium, wherein the control circuit generates the control signal based upon the geo-referenced data.
 39. The system of claim 31 including means for distributing the particulate material in substantially a single layer in or on the growing medium.
 40. The system of claim 31 wherein the third position for the flow switching mechanism is preferably situated between the first position and the second position such that the flow switching mechanism must be actuated past the third position when switching or alternating between the first position and the second position.
 41. An agricultural particulate material delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulate material to a growing medium, the system comprising: first and second compartments adapted to contain different agricultural particulate materials; a material meter having an interior; a flow switching mechanism between the first and second compartments and the meter, wherein the flow switching mechanism is actuable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter; an actuator coupled to the flow switching mechanism; and a control circuit coupled to the actuator, wherein the control circuit is configured to determine when the material within the meter will be exhausted from the interior and to generate a control signal representing a time at which the material will be exhausted from the interior of the meter, whereby the actuator actuates the flow switching mechanism between the first, second and third positions in response to the control signal.
 42. An agricultural particulate material delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulate material to a growing medium, the system comprising: first and second compartments adapted to contain different agricultural particulate materials; a material meter having an interior; a flow switching mechanism between the first and second compartments and the meter, wherein the flow switching mechanism is actuable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter; an actuator coupled to the flow switching mechanism; and a control circuit including means for determining a time at which the flow switching mechanism must be actuated between the first position, the second position and the third position to switch delivery of material to the meter from the first compartment to/from the second compartment without substantial mixing of materials from the first and second compartments in the interior of the meter and without the interior of the meter being exhausted of material from both the first compartment and the second compartment while the flow switching mechanism is in the third position.
 43. The system of claim 42 including means for visually displaying the time.
 44. The system of claim 42 including the control circuit for generating a control signal based upon the determined time, wherein the actuator actuates the flow switching mechanism between the first position, the second position and the third position based upon the control signal.
 45. The system of claim 42 wherein the means for determining includes means for calculating the amount of time until the material within the meter is exhausted.
 46. The system of claim 42 wherein the means for determining includes means for calculating a distance traveled until the exhaustion of material from the meter.
 47. An agricultural particulate material delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulate material to a growing medium, the system comprising: first and second compartments adapted to contain different agricultural particulate materials; a material meter having an interior, wherein the meter is configured to thinly distribute the particulate material over the growing medium; and a flow switching mechanism between the first and second compartments and the meter, wherein the flow switching mechanism is actuatable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter, wherein the flow switching mechanism includes: first and second conduits communicating between the first and second compartments, respectively, and the interior of the meter; and a gate mechanism between the first and second compartments and the interior of the material meter, wherein the gate mechanism is actuatable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter, wherein the gate mechanism includes: a gate between the first compartment and the interior of the meter, wherein the gate is selectively movable between a first position in which the gate closes the first conduit and a second position in which the first conduit is opened, wherein the gate closes the second conduit in the second position.
 48. An agricultural particulate material delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulate material to a growing medium, the system comprising: first and second compartments adapted to contain different agricultural particulate materials; a material meter having an interior, wherein the meter is configured to thinly distribute the particulate material over the growing medium; and a flow switching mechanism between the first and second compartments and the meter, wherein the flow switching mechanism is actuatable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter, wherein the flow switching mechanism includes: first and second conduits communicating between the first and second compartments, respectively, and the interior of the meter; and a gate mechanism between the first and second compartments and the interior of the material meter, wherein the gate mechanism is actuatable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter, wherein the gate mechanism includes: a gate between the first compartment and the interior of the meter, wherein the gate is selectively movable between a first position in which the gate closes the first conduit and a second position in which the first conduit is opened, wherein the gate is configured for being rotated about an axis and includes a circular disk having an outer perimeter, wherein the disk includes an eccentric aperture and an eccentric closing portion, and wherein rotation of the disk alternately positions the eccentric aperture and the eccentric closing portion across the first conduit.
 49. An agricultural particulate material delivery system for delivering metered agricultural particulate material to a growing medium, the system comprising: a bifurcated hopper providing first and second compartments adapted to contain different agricultural particulate materials; a material meter having an interior, wherein the meter is configured to thinly distribute the particulate material over the growing medium; and a flow switching mechanism between the first and second compartments and the meter, wherein the flow switching mechanism is actuatable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter, wherein the flow switching mechanism includes: a bifurcated tube providing first and second conduits communicating between the first and second compartments, respectively, and the interior of the meter; and a gate mechanism between the first and second compartments and the interior of the material meter, wherein the gate mechanism is actuatable between a first position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the first compartment to the interior of the meter, a second position in which the flow switching mechanism supplies material from the second compartment to the interior of the meter, and a third position in which the flow switching mechanism stops the supply of material from both the first and second compartments to the interior of the meter. 